What distinguishes primary research from secondary research?

The distinction between primary research and secondary research is primarily based on the nature and origin of the data being utilized. Primary research is defined as original research that involves the collection of new data specifically tailored to address a particular question or to solve a specific problem. This means that the data gathered is firsthand and unique to the researcher's inquiry, providing specific insights that have not been previously documented or analyzed.

In contrast, secondary research involves the analysis and interpretation of existing data that has already been collected and published by other researchers or organizations. It relies on earlier studies, reports, or datasets and does not generate new information.

The reason the correct answer emphasizes the original and specific nature of primary research is to highlight its essential characteristic—it is conducted directly by the researcher for a particular purpose, leading to findings that can be highly relevant and focused compared to what is available in secondary sources.